See sternal on Wiktionary
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},
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},
{
"word": "sternal bar"
},
{
"word": "sternal cartilage"
},
{
"word": "sternally"
},
{
"word": "sternal plane"
},
{
"word": "sternal puncture"
},
{
"word": "sternal religion"
},
{
"word": "sternal transfusion"
},
{
"word": "sterno-"
},
{
"word": "substernal"
},
{
"word": "suprasternal"
},
{
"word": "supersternal"
},
{
"word": "tracheosternal"
},
{
"word": "transsternal"
},
{
"word": "vertebrosternal"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"sternum",
"sternum#English"
],
[
"*h₂el-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂el-#Proto-Indo-European:_grow"
],
[
"*-is",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-is"
],
[
"*-ālis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-ālis"
],
[
"-ālis",
"-alis#Latin:_adjectivizing_suffix"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#Old_French:_forming_adjectives"
],
[
"-ālis",
"-alis#Latin:_adjectivizing_suffix"
],
[
"-el",
"-el#Old_French:_adjective"
],
[
"-ālis",
"-alis#Latin:_adjectivizing_suffix"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#Middle_English:_adjectival_suffix"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#English:_adjectival_suffix"
],
[
"sternum",
"sternum#English"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#English:_adjectival_suffix"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "sternum",
"4": "-al<id:adjectival suffix>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish sternum\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālislbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish sternal\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"forming adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-ālis\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"title\" : \"-ālis\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-el\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-ālis\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"title\" : \"-ālis\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"sternal\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"sternal\">\nFrom sternum + -al.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "sternum",
"4": "-al<id:adjectival suffix>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish sternum\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālislbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish sternal\nFrom sternum + -al.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish sternum\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālislbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish sternal\nFrom sternum + -al.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "sternal (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries referencing missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (grow)",
"English terms suffixed with -al (adjectival suffix)",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)nəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)nəl/2 syllables",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Translation table header lacks gloss",
"en:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"Of, relating to, or near the sternum."
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"sternum",
"sternum"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) Of, relating to, or near the sternum."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɜː.nəl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɜː.nl̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-sternal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sternal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sternal.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sternal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sternal.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɝ.nl̩/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)nəl"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "esternal"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "rintalasta-"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "sternaalinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "sternal"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "bringubeins-"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "sternale"
}
],
"word": "sternal"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "fourchette sternale"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "sternale",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "sternaux",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sternales",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sternal (feminine sternale, masculine plural sternaux, feminine plural sternales)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French adjectives",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"fr:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"sternal"
],
"links": [
[
"sternal",
"sternal#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stɛʁ.nal/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-sternal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/22/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-sternal.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-sternal.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/22/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-sternal.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-sternal.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"France",
"Lyon"
]
}
],
"word": "sternal"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"sternal",
"sternal#French"
],
[
"stern",
"stern#Romanian"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#Romanian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "fr:sternal",
"4": ":af<surf>",
"5": "stern",
"6": "-al",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"sternal\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"sternum\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Romanian\", \"term\" : \"stern\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-alis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Romanian\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"By surface analysis,\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\", \"is_invisible\" : \"tree\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Romanian\", \"term\" : \"sternal\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ro\" }\" data-lang=\"ro\" data-title=\"sternal\">\nBorrowed from French sternal. By surface analysis, stern + -al.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "fr:sternal",
"4": ":af<surf>",
"5": "stern",
"6": "-al",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French sternal. By surface analysis, stern + -al.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French sternal. By surface analysis, stern + -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sternală",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sternali",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sternale",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sternal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sternală",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sternali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sternale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sternalul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sternala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sternalii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sternalele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sternale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sternalului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sternalei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sternalilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sternalelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sternal m or n (feminine singular sternală, masculine plural sternali, feminine/neuter plural sternale)",
"name": "ro-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ro-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Romanian adjectives",
"Romanian entries referencing missing etymons",
"Romanian entries with etymology texts",
"Romanian entries with etymon",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian terms borrowed from French",
"Romanian terms derived from French",
"Romanian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (grow)",
"Romanian terms suffixed with -al"
],
"glosses": [
"sternal"
],
"links": [
[
"sternal",
"sternal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "sternal"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sternal meaning in All languages combined (14.7kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nominative- accusative'",
"path": [
"sternal"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "sternal",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nominative- accusative'",
"path": [
"sternal"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "sternal",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive- dative'",
"path": [
"sternal"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "sternal",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive- dative'",
"path": [
"sternal"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "sternal",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (c1bb342 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.